Name the three parts of addition polimarization and tell what is happening in each. There are two general types of polymerization reactions. Addition polymers are formed when individual molecules, known as monomers, join to form long chains. Addition polymerization polymerization that occurs through the coupling of monomers using their multiple bonds is called addition polymerization. Simply put, addition polymerisation is the reaction where alkenes unsaturated molecules are reacted to produce long chain molecules macromolecules or polymers. What is the main characteristic of a chain reaction. In addition polymerization, the monomers add to one another in such a way that the polymer contains all the atoms of the starting monomers. Petrochemicals and polymers, petroleum, alternative fuels and energy sources, addition polymerisation, condensation polymerisation.
Pvc polyvinyl chloride which is found in plastic wrap, simulated leather, water pipes, and garden hoses, is formed from vinyl chloride h 2 cchcl. Addition worksheets for children pdf printable activities for kindergarten, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th grade children. Identify the type of polymerization in each of the following. The polymers made by addition polymerisation from two different monomers are termed as copolymers, e. Objectives polymers national council of educational. If you want the mechanism explained to you in detail, there is a link at the bottom of the page. Condensation polymerization o o o hoc in a condensation reaction, two different monomers are combined. The monomer units are unsaturated compounds and are usually the derivatives of alkenes. The term polymer is defined as very large molecules having high molecular mass. What do the physical properties of a polymer depend on.
Addition polymerization definition is polymerization without formation of a byproduct distinguished from condensation polymerization. Addition polymerization o addition polymerization is a reaction in which identical alkenealkyne monomers are joined through multiple addition reactions to form a polymer o example. Student answers may depend on whether they use complete, condensed, or line structural formulas. A lesson on addition polymerisation and condensation polymerisation with links made to the aqa chemistry specification throughout. There are two general types of polymerisation, addition and condensation. In addition polymerization all of the atoms of the monomer molecules become part of the polymer. The n is termed the degree of polymerisation, dp, and is equal to the number of monomers reacted to make up the chain. Use this interactive classroom activity to teach students about the steps involved in the preparation of addition polymers via freeradical chain reactions. Addition polymers are a type of polymer in which all the monomers are unsaturated or to simply to say are alkenes. Pupils can do human modelling of polymerisation by having 4 pairs hold both of each others hands representing ethene monomer.
Addition polymerization is also a type of previous definition. These 3 types of polymerization share 3 common steps. Addition and condensation polymers and polymerization. Gcse chemistry revision worksheets polymers and polymerisation. Other articles where addition polymerization is discussed. As far as a level studies are concerned it is a basic free radical addition process. Addition polymers and their uses igcse and ial chemistry. Explains the polymerisation of alkenes and the properties of some common polymers. Ethylene molecules are joined together in long chains. If diacyl chloride is used, then mix the two reactants as drawn above together and the reaction should occur immediately.
In this worksheet, we will practice defining an addition polymerization and determining the structure of an addition polymer from the monomer reactant. The polymerisation reaction is initiated through the addition of a free radical. Addition polymerization chemical reaction britannica. Addition or chain polymerisation can be divided into 3 steps initiation, propagation, and termination. May 04, 2011 lesson on polymerisation and accompanying worksheet. It allows ethene molecules to join together to form a single product, so it is an example of an addition reaction.
The following diagrams show addition polymerisation polyethene and condensation polymerisation polyamide, polyester. Addition polymers the addition polymers are formed by the repeated addition of monomer molecules possessing double or triple bonds, e. Addition polymerisation is the name given to a chemical reaction in which unsaturated monomers are joined, forming a polymer. The mechanism for addition polymerisation is extremely complex. The chain growth of addition polymerization is based addition reactions. Draw a diagram to represent the polymer for the monomer, ethene.
Polymers usually are prepared by two different types of polymerization reactionsaddition and condensation. Polymerisation agents are used to induce the initiation of the base resin polymerisation reaction. However, the addition polymers formed by the polymerisation of a single monomeric species are known as homopolymers, e. Thermosetting thermoplastic type of bonding within the polymer type of bonding between polymer chains reaction upon addition of heat examples 2. Polymers and properties of polymers are a chunky topic in the gcse chemistry syllabus.
With this quiz and worksheet, prepare to be asked about things such as the word polymer, addition polymer, condensation polymers, and the makeup of polymers. However, the addition polymers formed by the polymerisation of a single monomeric species are known as homopolymer, e. A2 unit 4 advanced organic chemistry polymerisation page. With the addition process, the functional groups are not involved in the actual formation of the polymer chain where as in the condensation process, it is the actual atoms in the functional group, such. You have to know about the uses of polymers as well as their chemical structures. Notice that the presence of a double bond in the resulting polymer provides the opportunity for a polymer with either cis double bonds or trans double bonds or a mixture. Addition polymerization differs from condensation polymerization, which does cogenerate a product, usually water. With polyester and vinylester resins, organic peroxides activated by heat are typically used in quantities ranging from 0. How can chemists control the steps of polymerization. Notice that the presence of a double bond in the resulting polymer provides the opportunity for a polymer with either cis double bonds or trans. It breaks open to allow ethene molecules to join together to form a single product, so it is an example of an addition.
In addition polymerization, monomers react to form a polymer without the formation of byproducts. The cc double bond in ethene is involved in the polymerisation reaction. Identify features you would look for to help classify a polymer as an addition polymer to condensation polymer. In condensation polymerization, a small portion of the monomer molecule is not incorporated in the final polymer. All worksheets are printable pdf documents with answer pages. The reaction processes are classified as addition reactions and condensation reactions. C h 2 c ch 3 f tedlar used to weatherproof building materials d. Under most common conditions a polymer is produced that is a mixture of both of the above reactions. Starch, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, nylon 6, 6 and etc. The reaction to make polypropylene h 2 cchch 3 is illustrated in the middle reaction of. Addition polymerization the key feature of addition polymerization is that monomers add to one another in such a way that the polymeric product contains all the atoms of the starting monomers.
Extended only explain the differences between condensation and addition polymerisation. An addition polymer is a polymer that forms by simple linking of monomers without the cogeneration of other products. Use a venn diagram to compare and contrast addition and condensation polymerization reactions. Condensation polymers are made from two different monomers.
These grade 2 addition worksheets span topics from adding single digit numbers to addition in columns with regrouping. The stepgrowth polymerization based on addition reaction during chain growth is defined as polyaddition. Condensation polymers examples, answers, activities. Polymerisation a reaction in which small molecules called monomers join together to make large molecules consisting of repeating units. Polymers usually are prepared by two different types of polymerization reactions addition and condensation. For each of the following, draw three linked monomer units of the polymers structure.
Pvc polyvinyl chloride, which is found in plastic wrap, simulated leather, water pipes, and garden hoses, is formed from vinyl chloride h 2 cchcl. Chaingrowth polymerizations require the presence of an initiating molecule that can be used to attach a monomer molecule at the beginning of the polymerization. An addition reaction is one in which two or more molecules join together to give a single product. The polymerization of unsaturated monomers typically involves a chain growth polymerization. Scroll down the page for more examples and explanations. During the polymerization process, the double bonds in the alkenes break and they all join together to form a large molecule. Notice how every other carbon must have a chlorine attached. Polymers igcse chemistry solutions, examples, worksheets. Addition polymerizations usually are carried out in the presence of catalysts, which in certain cases exert control over structural details that have important effects on the properties of the polymer. Horizontal addition practice with sums to 10 keywords. From monomers to polymers in the process of polymerisation is where this topic usually begins, before other aspects such as thermosoftening and thermosetting polymers are covered. Polymerisation school of materials science and engineering. Lesson on polymerisation and accompanying worksheet. Addition worksheets for children pdf printable activities.
710 908 208 1477 1180 192 118 1084 256 1171 1027 1342 1118 269 966 1216 456 46 1496 307 1341 968 1470 1138 1442 910 116 859 537 1378 1121 968